Articles

Ceza Hukuku

Applying to the European Court of Human Rights: conditions and time limits

Domestic remedies must be exhausted before Strasbourg, and the deadline is short. Which rights are covered, how an application is made and what a judgment leads to.

Ceza Hukuku

Individual application to the Constitutional Court: how it works

An individual application is not a further appeal; it examines an alleged violation of a fundamental right. The thirty-day limit, exhaustion of remedies and admissibility.

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

What happens if you miss the first mediation meeting

In disputes where mediation is a procedural prerequisite, a party who stays away from the first meeting without a valid excuse bears the full costs of the case, even after winning.

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

How an overtime claim is proved

The burden of proving overtime rests on the employee. How written evidence, the employer's own records, witness statements and a signed payroll record shape the file.

Ceza Hukuku

Police custody and pre-trial detention: what is the difference?

Police custody is ordered by the public prosecutor, pre-trial detention by a judge. How the two measures differ in time limits, alternatives and routes of objection.

Ceza Hukuku

Insult and threat: the complaint period and what follows

The complaint period is six months and runs from the day you learn of the act. Which forms of insult and threat require a complaint, and what to do about social media posts.

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

The employer's liability after an occupational accident

Reporting, the Social Security Institution file and compensation claims after an occupational accident are linked. Where liability comes from and what can be claimed.

Ceza Hukuku

Appeal and cassation: which decision, and within what time?

Time limits for challenging a criminal judgment are short, and once they pass the judgment becomes final. The difference between appeal and cassation, the deadlines and what the petition should say.

İdare ve Vergi Hukuku

Applying to the Ombudsman Institution

A review mechanism that runs alongside the courts against an administrative act. Who may apply, exhausting administrative remedies, time limits and the effect on court deadlines.

Ceza Hukuku

Intentional injury: complaint, mediation and sentencing ranges

A single sentence in the forensic report decides whether the offence is prosecuted only on complaint. The simple medical treatment test, aggravated forms and mediation.

İş ve Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku

When severance pay and notice pay arise

The two payments are often confused, yet their conditions and their calculations differ. Qualifying terminations, the wage base, notice periods and limitation periods.

Gayrimenkul ve Kira Hukuku

The tenant's duty of care and the grounds for eviction

In residential and roofed workplace leases the grounds for eviction are listed by statute. The duty of care, formal notice, need, undertakings and the ten-year period.

Aile ve Miras Hukuku

Liquidation of the matrimonial property regime: how assets are shared on divorce

A divorce decree does not divide the assets by itself. Acquired property against personal property, the participation claim, increased value and contribution claims.

Gayrimenkul ve Kira Hukuku

The action for dissolution of joint ownership

The route when co-owners cannot agree. Division in kind against sale by auction, who must be joined to the case, how it runs, and the mediation requirement before filing.

Tüketici Hukuku

Consumer arbitration committee or consumer court?

Going to the wrong forum gets the case dismissed for lack of jurisdiction. How the monetary threshold works, how to apply, enforcement of the decision and objections.

Ceza Hukuku

Drug offences: possession for personal use or trafficking?

The same substance and the same quantity can amount to two entirely different offences. What courts look at when drawing the line, and how treatment and probation are applied.

Ceza Hukuku

Victim–offender mediation: which offences, and what accepting means

Your answer to a mediation offer changes how the file proceeds. The offences covered, how the process runs, the mediator's role and what acceptance or refusal leads to.

Gayrimenkul ve Kira Hukuku

What can parties do when they cannot agree on a rent increase?

An action for the determination of rent is the route when the parties cannot agree on an increase. Timing, procedure and consequences.

Ticaret ve Şirketler Hukuku

Three clauses most often skipped when forming a company

Articles of association are usually copied from a template. Most disputes that surface years later grow out of that copy.

Ceza Hukuku

Why does the first statement matter so much?

The most decisive moment in a criminal investigation is the one people are least prepared for. What to know before giving a statement.